Tacloban City, Philippines 0995 398 9482 info@aaccocpas.com
Home › Services › Audit & Assurance

Services

Audit & Assurance in Tacloban City

Independent audit and assurance under the Philippine Standards on Auditing and PFRS — giving your financial statements the credibility your stakeholders, lenders, and regulators demand.

What the service covers

An audit is an independent examination of financial statements that ends in an auditor’s report. The report states whether the statements are prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the financial reporting framework that applies to the entity. As external auditors based in Tacloban City, we perform these engagements for entities in Leyte, Samar, the rest of Eastern Visayas, and the National Capital Region.

  • Financial statements audit — the annual statutory audit, giving reasonable assurance on the statements filed with the BIR, the SEC and other regulators.
  • Internal audit — an examination of internal controls, compliance and operating processes, reported to management or the board.
  • Review of historical financial statements — a limited-assurance engagement under PSRE 2400 (Revised), built mainly on inquiry and analytical procedures.
  • Review of prospective financial statements — an examination of forecasts and projections with reference to PSAE 3400, usually for lenders or investors.

Standards that apply

Audits are conducted under the Philippine Standards on Auditing (PSA). Reviews follow the Philippine Standards on Review Engagements, and other assurance work follows the Philippine Standards on Assurance Engagements. Independence is governed by the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants in the Philippines.

The financial statements themselves are measured against the framework the entity is required to use: full PFRS, PFRS for SMEs, or PFRS for Small Entities, depending on the entity’s size and public accountability under SEC rules. Cooperatives report under the Philippine Financial Reporting Framework for Cooperatives. Confirming the right framework is one of the first steps of every engagement.

Who needs an audit

  • BIR filers. Under Section 232 of the Tax Code, corporations, companies, partnerships and persons whose gross annual sales, earnings, receipts or output exceed ₱3,000,000 must have their books of accounts audited yearly by an independent CPA. The audited statements accompany the annual income tax return.
  • SEC filers. Corporations that meet the thresholds of the Revised SRC Rule 68 file audited financial statements with the SEC.
  • BSP-supervised institutions. Rural banks and non-stock savings and loan associations submit an annual financial audit report to the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas.
  • Cooperatives. Cooperatives registered with the CDA submit audited financial statements with their annual reports. Electric cooperatives also report to the NEA.
  • Entities with contractual requirements. Lenders, donors, grantors and investors often require audited or reviewed statements as a condition of financing.

Some regulators require the external auditor to hold a separate accreditation for the entities they supervise. We confirm the requirement that applies to you before accepting an engagement.

How an engagement runs

  1. Acceptance. Independence and conflict checks, then an engagement letter that fixes the scope, the framework, the timetable and the responsibilities of each side.
  2. Planning. We study the business, its controls and its risks, set materiality, and design the procedures that respond to those risks.
  3. Fieldwork. Tests of controls and of balances and transactions, external confirmations, and attendance at the physical inventory count where inventory is material.
  4. Completion. Subsequent events, going concern, written representations from management, and discussion of the findings with those charged with governance.
  5. Reporting. The auditor’s report on the financial statements, with a separate letter on control deficiencies noted during the audit.

Timing

For calendar-year entities, the audited financial statements go with the annual income tax return due on the fifteenth day of the fourth month after year-end. SEC filing dates follow the schedule the SEC announces each year. The AAC Tax Calendar lists the BIR deadlines. Engaging the auditor before year-end allows the inventory count and cut-off procedures to be observed on time.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between an audit, a review and a compilation?

An audit gives reasonable assurance and ends in an opinion. A review gives limited assurance and ends in a conclusion. A compilation presents financial information without assurance and is covered under our Accounting Services.

When should we engage the auditor?

Before the end of the financial year. Planning and the inventory count happen around year-end, and an early start leaves time to resolve findings before the filing deadlines.

What should we prepare?

The trial balance and general ledger, bank statements and reconciliations, schedules of receivables, payables, inventory and fixed assets, significant contracts, minutes of meetings, tax returns filed during the year, and the prior-year audited financial statements.

Can the firm that keeps our books also audit them?

The Code of Ethics restricts an auditor from auditing its own work. We assess this before accepting an engagement, and where both services are requested for the same entity we tell you which one we can take.

Book a consultation →
Inquire Call Messenger