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Audit and Tax Services for Importers and Exporters

We assist importers and exporters with audits, tariff and customs compliance, and tax structuring for cross-border trade.

What the work involves

An importer or exporter deals with two revenue agencies at once: the Bureau of Customs under the Customs Modernization and Tariff Act (Republic Act No. 10863), and the BIR under the Tax Code. The cost of goods is built from the purchase price, freight, insurance, duties and brokerage, and it moves with the exchange rate.

The audit traces that landed cost into inventory and cost of sales, reconciles import entries with the purchases in the books, and tests foreign currency balances under PAS 21.

What needs attention

  • Landed cost. Completeness of duties, taxes, freight and brokerage in the cost of inventory.
  • Goods in transit. Ownership at year-end under the shipping terms, and cut-off of purchases and sales.
  • VAT. Input VAT paid on importation, zero-rated export sales, and the support needed for a refund of unutilised input VAT.
  • Customs records. Import entries and supporting documents kept for the period the customs law requires, in case of a post clearance audit.
  • Foreign exchange. Unrealised and realised gains and losses on payables, receivables and bank balances.

Related services

Frequently asked questions

How long must import records be kept?

The customs law requires importers to keep records of their importations for three years, and the Tax Code requires books of accounts to be preserved for five years under Section 235. In practice the longer period governs.

Can an exporter recover the VAT it pays on purchases?

Input VAT attributable to zero-rated sales may be refunded or credited under the Tax Code, within the period and with the documents the law requires. The claim stands or falls on the documentation.

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