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AAC Tax Code.

The National Internal Revenue Code of 1997 as it currently stands — consolidated by the firm to carry the TRAIN Law, the CREATE Act, the Ease of Paying Taxes Act, the VAT on Digital Services Act, CREATE MORE, the CMEPA and the amendatory laws in force to 1 August 2026, with a footnote at every provision naming the law that changed it.

Text current as at 1 August 2026. This is an unofficial consolidation prepared by the firm and not the official text of the Code. Repealed provisions are kept, struck through, so that references in earlier records stay traceable.
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The printed edition runs to 240 pages and carries the same text, footnotes and references as the browser below. Every section here shows the page it sits on in that PDF, so a citation taken from the screen matches the one taken from the book.

TABLE OF AMENDMENTS

Table of amendments 158 sections amended since 1997, and the laws that amended them

Page 218 of the PDF edition

The table lists every section of the Code whose text in this volume carries a footnote identifying an amending law, and the laws so identified. Approval and effectivity dates for each law appear in the References. Sections not listed have not been amended since Republic Act No. 8424 took effect, or were amended only by laws predating the annotations in this edition.

SectionAmending laws
SEC. 5. Power of the Commissioner to Obtain Information, and to Summon, Examine, and Take Testimony of Persons.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 6. Power of the Commissioner to Make Assessments and Prescribe Additional Requirements for Tax Administration and Enforcement.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 12001 (RPVARA)
SEC. 20. Submission of Report and Pertinent Information by the Commissioner.RA 11534 (CREATE)
SEC. 21. Sources of Revenue and Classification of Taxpayers.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 22. Definitions.RA 11534 (CREATE)
RA 11590
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
RA 12312
SEC. 24. Income Tax Rates.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 12001 (RPVARA)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 25. Tax on Nonresident Alien Individual.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11590
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
RA 12312
SEC. 27. Rates of Income Tax on Domestic Corporations.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11534 (CREATE)
RA 11590
RA 11635
RA 12001 (RPVARA)
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
RA 12312
SEC. 28. Rates of Income Tax on Foreign Corporations.RA 11534 (CREATE)
RA 11590
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
RA 12312
[SEC. 29. Imposition of Improperly Accumulated Earnings Tax.]RA 11534 (CREATE)
SEC. 31. Taxable Income Defined.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 32. Gross Income.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11256
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 33. Special Treatment of Fringe Benefit.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 34. Deductions from Gross Income.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11534 (CREATE)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
RA 12253
[SEC. 35. Allowance of Personal Exemption for Individual Taxpayer.]RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 38. Losses from Wash Sales of Stock or Securities.RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 39. Capital Gains and Losses.RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 40. Determination of Amount and Recognition of Gain or Loss.RA 11534 (CREATE)
SEC. 42. Income from Sources Within the Philippines.RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 51. Individual Return.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 51-A. Substituted Filing of Income Tax Returns by Employees Receiving Purely Compensation Income.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 52. Corporation Returns.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 56. Payment and Assessment of Income Tax for Individuals and Corporations.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 57. Withholding of Tax at Source.RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 58. Returns and Payment of Taxes Withheld at Source.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
[SEC. 62. Exemption Allowed to Estates and Trusts.]RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 74. Declaration of Income Tax for Individuals.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 76. Final Adjustment Return.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 77. Place and Time of Filing and Payment of Quarterly Corporate Income Tax.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 79. Income Tax Collected at Source.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 81. Filing of Return and Payment of Taxes Withheld.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 84. Rates of Estate Tax.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 86. Computation of Net Estate.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 88. Determination of the Value of the Estate.RA 12001 (RPVARA)
[SEC. 89. Notice of Death to be Filed.]RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 90. Estate Tax Returns.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 91. Payment of Tax.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 97. Payment of Tax Antecedent to the Transfer of Shares, Bonds or Rights.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 99. Rates of Tax Payable by Donor.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 100. Transfer for Less Than Adequate and Full Consideration.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 101. Exemption of Certain Gifts.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 103. Filing of Return and Payment of Tax.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 105. Persons Liable.RA 12023
SEC. 106. Value-added Tax on Sale of Goods or Properties.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11590
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
RA 12312
SEC. 107. Value-added Tax on Importation of Goods.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 108. Value-added Tax on the Sale of Services, Including Digital Services, and the Use or Lease of Properties.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11590
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12023
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
RA 12312
SEC. 108-A. Liability of Persons Providing Digital Services.RA 12023
SEC. 108-B. Liability of a Nonresident Digital Service Provider to Withhold and Remit Value-Added Tax.RA 12023
SEC. 109. Exempt Transactions.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11467
RA 11534 (CREATE)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12023
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 110. Tax Credits.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12023
SEC. 112. Refunds or Tax Credits of Input Tax.RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 112-A. VAT Refund for Tourists.RA 12079
SEC. 113. Invoicing and Accounting Requirements for VAT- registered Persons.RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12023
SEC. 114. Return and Payment of Value-added Tax.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12023
SEC. 115. Power of the Commissioner to Suspend the Business Operations of a Taxpayer.RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12023
SEC. 116. Tax on Persons Exempt from Value-added Tax (VAT).RA 11534 (CREATE)
SEC. 120. Tax on Overseas Dispatch, Message or Conversation Originating from the Philippines.RA 11976 (EOPT)
[SEC. 125-A. Gaming Tax on Services Rendered by Offshore Gaming Licensees.]RA 11494 (Bayanihan 2)
RA 11590
RA 12312
SEC. 127. Tax on Sale or Exchange of Shares of Stock Listed and Traded through a Local or Foreign Stock Exchange.RA 11534 (CREATE)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 128. Returns and Payment of Percentage Taxes.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 129. Goods Subject to Excise Taxes.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 134. Domestic Denatured Alcohol.RA 12235
SEC. 135. Petroleum Products Sold to International Carriers and Exempt Entities or Agencies.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 135-A. Refund of Excise Tax on Petroleum Products.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 141. Distilled Spirits.RA 11467
SEC. 142. Wines.RA 11467
SEC. 143. Fermented Liquors.RA 11467
SEC. 144. Tobacco Products, Heated Tobacco Products, and Vapor Products.RA 11346
RA 11467
SEC. 145. Cigars and Cigarettes.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11346
SEC. 146. Inspection Fee.RA 11346
SEC. 147. Definition of Terms.RA 11346
RA 11467
SEC. 148. Manufactured Oils and Other Fuels.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 12316
SEC. 148-A. Mandatory Marking of All Petroleum Products.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 149. Automobiles.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 150-A. Non-essential Services.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 150-B. Sweetened Beverages.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 151. Mineral Products.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11256
RA 12253
SEC. 151-A. Royalty.RA 12253
SEC. 151-B. Windfall Profits Tax.RA 12253
SEC. 151-C. Ring-Fencing of Large-Scale Metallic Mining Operations.RA 12253
SEC. 151-D. Monitoring and Audit of Sales and Exportation of Minerals, Mineral Products, and Raw Ores.RA 12253
SEC. 152. Extent of Supervision Over Establishments Producing Taxable Output.RA 11346
SEC. 155. Manufacturers and/or Importers to Provide Themselves with Counting or Metering Devices to Determine the Volume of Production and Importation.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 164. Information to be Given by Manufacturers, Importers, Indentors, and Wholesalers of any Apparatus or Mechanical Contrivance Specially for the Manufacture of Articles Subject to Excise Tax and Importers, Indentors, Manufacturers or Sellers of Cigarette Paper in Bobbins, Cigarette Tipping Paper or Cigarette Filter Tips.RA 11346
SEC. 168. Denaturing Within Premises.RA 12235
SEC. 171. Authority of Internal Revenue Officer in Searching for Taxable Articles.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 174. Stamp Tax on Original Issue of Shares of Stock.RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 175. Stamp Tax on Sales, Agreements to Sell, Memoranda of Sales, Deliveries or Transfer of Shares or Certificates of Stock.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 176. Stamp Tax on Bonds, Debentures, and Certificates of Stock or Indebtedness Issued in Foreign Countries.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 177. Stamp Tax on Certificates of Profits or Interest in Property or Accumulations.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 178. Stamp Tax on Bank Checks, Drafts, Certificates of Deposit not Bearing Interest, and Other Instruments.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 179. Stamp Tax on All Debt Instruments.RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 180. Stamp Tax on All Bills of Exchange or Drafts.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 181. Stamp Tax Upon Acceptance of Bills of Exchange and Others.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 182. Stamp Tax on Foreign Bills of Exchange and Letters of Credit.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 183. Stamp Tax on Life Insurance Policies.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 186. Stamp Tax on Policies of Annuities and Pre-Need Plans.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 188. Stamp Tax on Certificates.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 189. Stamp Tax on Warehouse Receipts.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 190. Stamp Tax on Jai-alai, Horse Race Tickets, Lotto or Other Authorized Numbers Games.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 191. Stamp Tax on Bills of Lading or Receipts.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 192. Stamp Tax on Proxies.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 193. Stamp Tax on Powers of Attorney.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 194. Stamp Tax on Leases and Other Hiring Agreements.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 195. Stamp Tax on Mortgages, Pledges and Deeds of Trust.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 196. Stamp Tax on Deeds of Sale, Conveyances and Donation of Real Property.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 197. Stamp Tax on Charter Parties and Similar Instruments.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 199. Documents and Papers Not Subject to Stamp Tax.RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 200. Payment of Documentary Stamp Tax.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 204. Authority of the Commissioner to Compromise, Abate and Refund or Credit Taxes.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 229. Recovery of Tax Erroneously or Illegally Collected.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 232. Keeping of Books of Accounts.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 236. Registration Requirements.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12023
SEC. 237. Issuance of Sales or Commercial Invoices.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 237-A. Electronic Sales Reporting System.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 241. Exhibition of Certificate of Payment at Place of Business.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 242. Continuation of Business of Deceased Person.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 243. Removal of Business to Other Location.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 245. Specific Provisions to be Contained in Rules and Regulations.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 248. Civil Penalties.RA 11976 (EOPT)
SEC. 249. Interest.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 254. Attempt to Evade or Defeat Tax.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 258. Unlawful Pursuit of Business.RA 12214 (CMEPA)
SEC. 260. Unlawful Possession of Cigarette Paper in Bobbins or Rolls, Etc.RA 11346
SEC. 262. Shipment or Removal of Liquor or Tobacco Products under False Name or Brand or as an Imitation of any Existing or Otherwise Known Product Name or Brand.RA 11346
SEC. 263. Unlawful Possession or Removal of Articles Subject to Excise Tax without Payment of the Tax.RA 11346
RA 11467
SEC. 263-A. Selling of Heated Tobacco Products and Vapor Products at a Lower Price Than the Combined Excise and Value-Added Taxes.RA 11346
RA 11467
SEC. 264. Failure or Refusal to Issue Receipts or Sales or Commercial Invoices, Violations Related to the Printing of such Receipts or Invoices and Other Violations.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 264-A. Failure to Transmit Sales Data Entered on Cash Register Machine (CRM)/Point of Sales System (POS) Machines to the BIR’s Electronic Sales Reporting System.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 264-B. Purchase, Use, Possession, Sale or Offer to Sell, Installment, Transfer, Update, Upgrade, Keeping or Maintaining of Sales Suppression Devices.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 265. Offenses Relating to Stamps.RA 11346
RA 11467
SEC. 265-A. Offenses Relating to Fuel Marking.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
SEC. 265-B. Violations Committed by Manufacturers, Importers, Indentors, and Wholesalers of Any Apparatus or Mechanical Contrivance Specially for the Manufacture of Articles Subject to Excise Tax and Importers, Indentors, Manufacturers or Sellers of Cigarette Paper in Bobbins, Cigarette Tipping Paper or Cigarette Filter Tips.RA 11346
SEC. 269. Violations Committed by Government Enforcement Officers.RA 11976 (EOPT)
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 287. Shares of Local Government Units in the Proceeds from the Development and Utilization of the National Wealth.RA 12253
SEC. 287-A. Share of the Mines and Geosciences Bureau and the Metals Industry Research and Development Center in the Royalty Proceeds from Mineral Reservations.RA 12253
SEC. 288. Disposition of Incremental Revenues.RA 10963 (TRAIN)
RA 11346
RA 11590
RA 12023
RA 12312
SEC. 288-A. Disposition of Revenues from Excise Tax on Sugar- Sweetened Beverages, Alcohol, Tobacco Products, Heated Tobacco Products, and Vapor Products.RA 11346
RA 11467
SEC. 289. Special Financial Support to Beneficiary Provinces Producing Virginia Tobacco.RA 11346
SEC. 290. Congressional Oversight Committee.RA 11534 (CREATE)
SEC. 290-A. Joint Congressional Oversight Committee on Illicit Trade on Excisable Products.RA 11467
SEC. 292. Extent of Authority to Grant Tax Incentives.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 293. Definitions.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 294. Incentives.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 295. Conditions of Availment.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 295-A. Registered Business Enterprises Taxpayer Service.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 296. Period of Availment of Incentives for Projects or Activities Approved by the Investment Promotion Agencies.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 296-A. Period of Availment of Incentives for Projects or Activities Approved by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 297. Expanded Functions of the Fiscal Incentives Review Board.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 297-A. Processing of Tax Incentive Applications.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 300. Strategic Investment Priority Plan.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 301. Power of the President to Grant Incentives.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 305. Filing of Tax Returns and Submission of Tax Incentives Reports.RA 11534 (CREATE)
SEC. 306. Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting of Tax Incentives.RA 11534 (CREATE)
SEC. 308. Penalties for Noncompliance with Filing and Reportorial Requirements.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 309. Prohibition on Registered Activities.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 310. Establishment of One-Stop Action Center and Initial Point of Contact for Foreign Investment Leads.RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
SEC. 311. Investments Prior to the Effectivity of Republic Act No. 11534.RA 11534 (CREATE)
RA 12066 (CREATE MORE)
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